What is a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and when is it typically performed?

• A. A post-incident report only.
• B. A monthly safety audit.
• C. A systematic process to identify hazards for a specific job step and implement controls; performed during planning, before work begins, after changes, or after incidents.
• D. A training module focusing on PPE.

Answer: (C)

A Job Hazard Analysis is a proactive, systematic process that breaks a specific job into steps, identifies hazards for each step, and determines practical controls to reduce risk. It focuses on planning before work starts, so hazards are anticipated and safeguards are put in place. It’s also updated or repeated whenever changes occur in the process, equipment, or materials, or after an incident to prevent recurrence. This makes it more than a post-incident report, a routine audit, or PPE-focused training; it’s about identifying and controlling hazards for a given job both before work begins and when circumstances change.